Pump



Patented July 13, 1926.

UNITED STATES LELANI) S. HAMER, OIE FULLERTON', CALIFORNIA.

PUMP.

Application led March. 10, 1925. Serial No. 14,868.

This invention relates to a construction for pumps of the cylinder and piston type and has particular reference to a cylinderv construction for pumps, and the like.

Pump cylinders and cylinders in various other like mechanisms are usually provided with removable liners adapted to be removed fromv time to time .for purpose of repair or replacement. These liners are usually made to iit tightly into the bore of the cylinder casting by packing arranged between a shoulder in the casting and a shoulder on the liner. The liner is held against 'longitu-` dinal movement relative to the cylinder casting between the packing and a suitable meinber carried by the outer cylinder head. After a liner of this kind has been arranged in place and the pump operated for a time the liner comes'loose and itis necessary to tighten it by operation of the part .carried by the cylinder head. In practice the liner is tightened from time' to` time during the operation of the pump until the packing becomes very tight. lVhen it is desired to remove one of these liners it is usually necessary to apply special tools or devices to them as the packing being highly compressed holds the liner very tight.

, It is an object of my invention to provide a construction whereby a liner may be applied to a cylinder so that it is secure and will remain tight upon once being properly set.

y Another object of my invention is to provide a. construction' of the character described involving means for securing a liner in place without making it diicult to remove.

It is another object of this invention to providel a constructionof the char cter described in which the liner, that is, efpart which actually carries the piston is in the form'of a straight uniformly shaped cylinder and does not involve or include shoul` ders or projections such as 'are common to pump liners.

Another object of this invention is to provide a construction of the character described in which liners of various sizes may be arranged in the cylinder in a particularly simple and inexpensive manner.

y The various objects and features of the invention will be best and more fully understood from the followin detailed description of a typical form an application of the invention throughout which description reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal detailed sectional vlew of a pump embodying the construction provided by this invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailed sectional view of the pump cylinder showing the liner mounted therein in a manner provided by this invention.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken as indicated by line 3-3 on Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detailed transverse sectional 'iew taken las indicated by line 4-4 on fig. 2.

My invention is applicable generally to cylinder and piston mechanisms in -which it is desired to provide the cylinder with a liner. I have throughout this disclosure made particular reference to the invention as applied to lpumps as such devices serve well to illustrate the utility of the invention and the manner in which it may be employed practically. It is to be understood ing gland 15 in the inner head 12, a piston' 16 carried by the rod within the cylinder and various other parts common to mecha.

nisms of this character.

My invention provides, generally, a. cylinder liner 17 to carry the piston 16 and a carrier 18which holds the liner 17 and supports it in the cylinder 10. The liner 17 in accordance with my invention is a straivht cylindrical liner uniform in size, both inslde and out, throughout its length.`

l The carrier A18 provided by myrinvention comprises a body 20 and a head 21. The

body 20 is cylindrical in form and is adalpted to slidably t into the cylinder 10.

cylinder 10 in accordance with constructions usual to pumps is provided at its outer end with an enlarged portion 22 which forms an outwardly facing shoulder 23, which serves as an abutment for the packing in the usual liner mounting. my present invention the body 2O of the liner carrier is somewhat shorter than the cylinder 10 and is provided at its outer end with an enlargement or projection 9A. The body is arranged into the cylinder through its outer end until the projection Q4 engages the shoulder :23 at which time the inner end (t the body is at the inner end of the cylin- The head 21 of the liner carrier is annular in form being in the form ot' a ring adapted to slidably fit the enlarged part 22 of the cylinder and to be arranged in the cylinder after the body has been arranged in place.

Means is provided for holding the body E20 and head 21 in the proper relation, which means may comprise a plurality of studs Q5 projecting from the outer end of the head, or screws 50 may be carried by the cylinder head 13 to engage the head Q1 in position. The openings 26 in the head slidably pass the studs 25 so that the head is movable relative to the body and can be clamped toward the body by tightening up the nuts 27 at the outer end of the studs. The screws 50 are screw threaded through the cylinder head so that they can be tightened against the head 21 to force it toward the body 20. The liner 17 is carried by or between inwardly extending ilanges or projections 30 and 31 on the body Q0 and head 21, respectively. The projection 30 is at the extreme inner end of the body while the projection 31 is at the ,extreme outer end of the head. In the case of a comparatively large liner that is a liner only/slightly smalle]` in diameter than the cylinder, it may be arranged in the carrier so that its ends are directly engaged by the Iprojections 30 and 31` however, in the case of liners substantially smaller than the cylinder 10, I provide spacer-rings 33 which fit the body and head to be engaged by the projections 30 and 31. The spacer rings are provided with projections or parts 34 which engage the ends of the liner as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. IVith this construction the body and head may be made of a standard size to tit the cylinder and spacer-rings 33 may be provided for mounting any size liner in the carrier, it being ob- Vious that the proportion of the spacer-rings may be varied to suit a liner ot any size. The liner 17 being arranged between the projections'30 and 31 or between the spacerrings 33 engaged by the projections 30 and 31, the nuts 27 are applied to tbe studs 25 at the outer end of the head and are tightened onto the studs' until the liner is tightly clamped or held between the body and head.

The packing means provided by my invention for making a fluid tight connection between the liner and cylinder includes a body ot' packing 40 arranged in the enlarged part 22 of the cylinder between the outer end of In accordance with the body 2O and the inner end of the head 9.1.

The body ot' packing is proportioned so that it is compressed sulticiently to make the desired connection between the liner and cylinder upon the body and head being pressed together to hold the liner. lVhen the carrier is holding a liner sutliciently large to be directly engaged by the projections 30 and 31 the body of packing 4:0 ma y be properly held directly by the ends ot' the body and head, however, when the liner is ot' such diameter to require spacer-rings 33 I may provide packing operating rings 42 at the outer end ot' the body 2O and inner end of head 9.1, which rings are proportioned to ht closely to the exterior ot' the liner and t-o the interior of the cylinder and thereby properly hold the packing as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The rings l?. and body `ot' packing -10 are ot' course provided with openings to properly pass the studs 25.

In employing the construction provided by this inventionfthe body Q0 is first slid into place in the c vlinder until its projection 2l is in seated engagement with the shoulder in the cylinder. The liner 17 may then be arranged in the body together with a spacer ring 33 it' circumstances require the packing 40, and if necessary the packing operatingrings -12 may be arranged in place. The head. Q1 is then placed in the outer end of the cylinder on the studs 25, if they are employed together with a suitable spacer-ring, it circumstances require. whereupon the nuts 27 .may be applied to the studs and tightened until the packing is properly compressed and the liner tightly held between the body and head as hereinabove described. li'itb the carrierand liner thus in place in the cylinder the head 13 of the pump cylinder may be applied to the end oi the cylinder and the screws 50 provided in the head may be actuated to engage and hold the carrier and liner in place. ln the particular construction shown in the drawings there is a plurality ot screws 50 carried by the cylinder head 13. which screws are. located in the head so that they can be tightened against the outer end of the head 21 in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings. Il'ith the various parts thus arranged in place the liner 17, body Q0 and head :21 form a rigid construction which is positively prevented from moving inwardly in the cylinder by the interengagement ofthe projection 24 and shoulder .23 and is positively prevented from moving outward in the cylinder by the screws 50 engaging the outer endet the head 21. The packing 40 being properly proportioned is compressed suliiciently to insure a fluid tight connection between the liner and cylinder but is not made so tight as to bind the liner in the cylinder so that its removal is difiicult. lVhen it is desired to remove the liner for purpose of repair or replacement the cylinand employ the screws 50 to clamp or holdv the parts of the liner carrier together and also to hold the entire construction in place in the cylinder.

Having described only a typical preferred form of my invention I do not .wish to limit myself to the specific details set forth, but

wish to reserve to myself any changesor variations that may appear to those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the following claims:

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A construction to be arranged in a cylinder having a shoulder, a liner, and a carrier for mounting vthe liner in the cylinder including two parts adapted to clamp the liner between them, the carrier having a projecparts having a space between them to hold packing so that it engages the cylinder and liner.

2. A construction to be arranged in a cylinder having a shoulder, a liner, and a carrier for the liner including two parts havin internal projections to engage the ends o the liner, one' part having an external projection vto engage the shoulder.

3. A construction to be arranged in a cylinder having a shoulder, a liner, and a carrier for the liner, including two parts each having a projection and spacers held by the projections and engaging the ends of the liner.

4.v In combination, a cylinder, having a shoulder, a liner, a carrier for the liner including two parts, one a body for holding one end of the liner, arranged in the cylinder and having a part engaging the shoulder and the other a head for holding the other end of liner,'packing arran ed in the cylinder between the body and ead, and means for holding the parts of the carrier in position to hold the liner and in inder.

5. In combination, a cylinder, having a shoulder, aliner, a carrier for the liner including two parts, one a body for holding one end of the liner, arranged in the cylinder and having a part engaging the shoulder and the other a head for holding the other end of liner, packing arranged in the cylinder between the body and head, and a single means `for holding the parts of the carrier in position to hold the liner and in place in the cylinder. g

6. In combination, a cylinder, having a shoulder, a liner, a carrier for the liner including two parts, one a body for holding one end of the liner, arranged in the cylinder and having a part engaging the shoulder and the other a head for holding the other end of liner, packing arranged in the cylinder between the body and head, and means for holding the parts of the carrier in position to hold the liner and in place in the cylinder said 'means including a part carried by the cylinder head to engage the head of the carrier and clamp it toward the body of the carrier.

7. In combinatioi a cylinder having an internal shoulder facing its outer end, a liner, a carrier for mounting the liner in the cylinder including a body arranged in the inner portion of the cylinder having an external projection engaging the shoulder place in the cylvin the cylinder and having an internal projection at its inner end to hold the liner and a head extending into the outer part of the cylinder having an internal projection to hold the liner, packing arranged in the cylinder around the liner between the body and head, and a screw carried by the head of the cylinder for clamping the head of the carrier toward the body.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 23rd day of Feb.1925.

LELAND s. HAMER. 

